i morris



H. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPuc/mon mm sEPT. s, ma,

Famexad Feb. 22, 19m.

H. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 1916.

I6 SHEETS-SHEET 2- mlmuN H. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLlcAloNvrlrEn SEET.9.1915.

Patented Feb. 22, 192k.

16 SHEETS-SHEET a.

NNN

W/\ um Mw Ww MR wb @AA NAR mx H.. l. MORRS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION man SEPTl 9, 1915.

" mm mmm Feb. 2A wm..

16 SHEETS-SHEET 4- H. I. II/IOFIRIS.

LOONI.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, I9l6 PaIImII No, 22, IWI.,

,f ease; j @y if HI, I

H. I. MORRIS.

Loorla. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 15H6.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

i6 SHEETS-SHEET 6- H. l. MORRIS.

Loom.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, |916. h K 1,369.531 Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

I6 SIIEETS-SHEET 7.

H. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLlcATIoN HLED SEPTi 9, |916.

1,369,233 1 Panted Feb. 22, 1921.

@my /W j 1MM# H. |.y MORRIS. LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. H, (916- 1,369,531 Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

I6 SHEETS-SHEET l0. n y Kn 9o 1 y gg I:

mWIT l g n l H. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION min sEPT. 9. 191e.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

I6 SHEETS-SHEET l I.

vH. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLICATmN FILED sEPL s. 191e.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 12.

J ff j? H.. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLlcATmN man SEPT. 9, 191e.

1,369,531 Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

I6 SHEETS-SHEET I3.

H. I. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLICATloN FILED SEPT. 9. 191e.

15 SHEETS-SHEET I4.

Peeeetea Feb.`22,1921.

H. l. MORRIS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. I9Ie.

1,369,531., Pam IIIQI), 22g IWI,

16 SHEETS-SHEET l5.

W( 21 e S665 yf@ MW Mm# H. I. MORRIS LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 1916.

- Patented Fab. 22, 1921.

iol M@ i Il n UNITao starr EWARD I. MGE/EES,

tllrFlCE.

LOOM.

rseassi. l

speeication of Letters latcut.

Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

Application :filed September 9, 1916. Serial No. 119,208.

,Die0'o,in the county ci San Diego and State of alitornia, have inventednew and useful improvements in Looms, oli which the lollowing aspecification.

This invention relates to looins, and incre particularly to looms torweavingbias liabrics or .fabrics in which the Warp and Wett threads arerelated to the longitudinal edge et the fabric at angles other than 90degrees. The invention further relates to looms `for Weaving such biasitabrics with a selvagge edge or edges so constituted as to preventstretching ot the fabric in a direction length wise ot the selvagge, andpreterably organized ot threads or fabric elements independent et' theWarp and Weit threads. Such bias fabrics, irrespective oi the selvaggeformations and likewise irrespective et a close, dense or 'compact'lorrnatiom have been ivoven before; but it is believed that no inachineor loom has heretofore -been devised for producing such bias nfabrics etclose conipact inter-relation oi vvarp and Wett threads, the resultant`fabric beingl dense and having` inherent stability as against readystretch- .ing` or undue stretchin51;l in any direction. @auch biasfabrics as heretofore woven, Within knowledge, due to the lack orabsence et' such. density and close lorrnation., and turther due to theabsence oig' a stretch-resistingl selvage edge, are oit only `limitedutility and value the Wide range oi" the arts, and incre particularly inthose arts in which such Weave torinatien is ont the greatest advantage.Among such arts last referred to are those relating` `to the productionet tubular or arched structures, such as tire bodies or casings. hose,electrical conduit cova-ning.;x and the "me, `in which Ait is desirableto evenly lay or apply the Woven 'tabric onto a core er over a core, orto associate it with a generally cylindrical or circular surface, to theend that the 'labric may be equally and evenly extended in alldirections. -More particularly l have in mind the use of such biasfabric, rubberized or calcndered, or associ* ated with other materialsin composition ilorrn, as the chiel structural substance or the carcassof a pneumatic tire. ln this art, it' Woven tabricbe used in which theWarp and wett threads either ot theni related to the iabric edgeyrectangularly, extreme dilliculty is encountered in properly applyl ingthe fabric or the successive courses or layers oi the 'fabric to thetire-forming core, inasmuch as such application involves the extensionoit the fabric in tivo directions ot curvature, and the resultanteot'such tvvo directions ot curvature, Therefore it has been recently.more or less common practice rectangular relation to the edge, intolengths or strips or bands in which the threads are inter-related Withthe edge on the bias. rllhese separate strips or bands are then splicedor seanied together, and from them the tire carcass is built up, afterthe proper or preferred calendering, rubberizing or other treatment. Tothat end it has been necessary to provide suitable machines fordizwonally severing the :tabric Woven with either the warp and Weitthreads in rectangular relation to the edge, alter such fabric has beenrubberized or calendered. It has likewise been necessary thereupon tosplice or together the lengths of such fabric so severed to produce abias formation. rlhis splicing of course is rendered necessary by thetact that it is inipracticable to Weave this labric ot a `Width beyondcertain outside filiinensions, This splicing1 together ot these lengthsot fabric severed on the bias likewise produces unevenness at the linesol junction and necessarily a Weakness, all of which reduces theinherent strength ci' the assembled lengths or strips; and, in thecarcass as produced in usingsuch spliced lengths, tendsfto produceroughness or unevenness or vari ations 'from true dimension. Due tothese reasons an interior tire carcass is produced, particularly tromthe standpoint of inherent strength. rli`he said lines oi jiunction orsplicings or unione ot the lengths ot biascut iabric heretofore used,have produced in ect lumps or variations in thickness in the fabric, andit can be readily seen how such protuberanccs or unevennesses or lumpstend to weaken and disrupt the tire handicapped by the sance. rlFhethickness being1 greater radially of the tire through such lumps orunevennesses, a relatively greater tractional compression occurs at thatpoint and the resultant effect is to buckle the contiguous portions ottthe vfabric or tire carcass and eventually citeer break the sanie downor so deteriorate or weaken the saine as to invite blowout or a failureof the tire. Such reseams or splices would be necessitated from` one endto the other of a given length of fabric required toy build upcompletelyT or Y provide completely all of the courses or vse l ationfrom the absolute true lie or relative .layersof a given carcass. rllhepresent invention has as its object the provision of a loom Which willhave as its output an article ofmanufacture consisting of a woven fabriccomprising warp and weft threads interrelated ata pre-determined yanglebut each inter-`relatedto the longitudinal edge of the fabric at anangle other than 9GV degrees. rlhus the invention has for its object theprovision of ai loom which will weave such la bias fabric vin unlimitedlength or at least in such lengththat but one length unit is required toproduce the several layers or courses of a given Vtire carcass;Incidental to such object of the present invention is the further objectof providing a. loom which will produce upon such bias fabric insubstantially unlimited lengths a suitable s elvage edge or suitableselvage edges which will prevent lengthwise stretch of the fabric vprior to or during rubberizingor calendering operations. Thus thefinished tire carcass constituent is produced without vari- 'lie of thethreads, and may be applied over thetire-for-ming core or in suchotherman ner asdesirableor suitable, to the end that a perfectadaptation of the rubberized fabi ric` to the curvatures incident to theformation of the .carcass may be produced. To permit this adaptation ofthe fabric to the curvatures incident to formation vof the tire carcass,the selvage edges, having served their purpose and function, are severedfrom the fabric, and the final or ultimate stretch requisite for suchadaptation lis thus not interfered with by the otherwise Vpresentholding action of the selvage. To provide such aV selvage edge l havedetermined that it is necessary to organize the salvage eitherindependently of the 'thread formation ofV the body of the bias fabric,or at least to provide a selvage so compact and dense in weave that itwill not permit a yield, slip or stretch of 'the fabric. The presentinvention therefore aims at 'the'v provision of a loom which willproduce a novel and useful article of manufacture, namely, a continuouslength of woven fabric the warp and weft threads of which, atpre-determined relative angularity, are each related angularly to thelongitudinal edge of the fabric at an angle other 'than that lof 90degrees; such fabric likewise preferably having a selvage edge ofinherent strength and resistance to stretch capable of preventingmaterial longitudinal extension of the fabric prior to or during thcprocess of calendering, rubberizing or treatment of the fabric. Thepresent invention likewise aims at producing and providing a loomcapable of turning out the aforesaid woven fabric or article ofmanufacture in divers patterns, designs or multiple provisions ofthreads for each warp or weft unit, so that, in accordance with varyingconditions of service or preferences in design, variegated weaves of thefabric may be produced.

ln the above and other respects I consider the present invention to beradical and basic, more particularly as I have been extensively engagedin the manufacture of vehicle tires or pneumatic tire casings and amwell informed in that art. The invention has for its furtner objects theprovision of an iinproved loom having the above general characteristics,which will be supe 'ior in point of relative simplicity andinexpensiveness taken in consideration with speed of operation,positiveness of operation, dunbility, freedom from liability ofdcrangement of its parts and members, capability of operation with aminimum of attention and direction. together with a minimum ofrequirement of repair or alteration, and adaptability to varyingconditions and requirements of use and service, and which will begenerally superior in efficiency and serviceability.

llilith the above and other objects in view. the invention consists inthe novel and useful provision, construction, formation, coinbination,association, intenrelation and inode of'operation of parts, members,elements and features, all as hereinafter described, shown in thedrawings, and finally pointed out in claims.

Several of the features and members and elements of the loomconstituting the subject of this invention, considered separately and inthe light of their general adaptability to other uses or otherassociations with other mechanisms, looms or machines, are claimed inother applications for Letters Patent, namely, an application for loomelements, Serial No. 119,210, and an application for loom elements,Serial No. 132,164.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of a loom constructed and organized inaccordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the right hand portion of theloom, reading on Figs. l and 2, and taken upon the lines m34-w34, Fig.2, upon an enlarged scale;

Fig. 3a is a detail vertical transverse Sectional view, upon adiminished scale, taken upon the line .T33-m3, Fig. 3. and looking inthe direction of the appended arrows, and

ieee

illustrating certain details of the drive or operating means E;

scale Fig. (i `isan end View of the right hand portion of the loomshowninFig. 3, partly hrolren away for clearness of illustration, tpdlooking in the direction of the arrow in iig. 3 g' Fig. 7 is an enlargeddetail fragmentary yiewof elements of the shed-forming memher or meansof the loom, with whichis shown associated a fragmentary portion of theweft-producing shuttle-needle of the looml and a portion of theselvage-forming means or mechanism, such View being in effect a sectiontaken upon the line :rf-m7, Fig. 8,and loolring in the direction of theappended arrows; i l l Fig. 8 is a top plan View of the mechanism andfeatures shown in Fig. 7, with the addition of features of thewarp-forming mechanism and weft-forming mechanism;

` Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary View of features of the shed-formingmechanism with which are shown associated features of comh mechanismwhich is adapted to finally place theweft threads after their placementin the shed by the shuttlaneedle;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary Vface View of a portion of bias-woven fabricsuch as produced hy the present invention, following directly upon theaction of the features shown in Fig. 9

Fig. 11l is an enlarged fragmentary and partially sectional View ofwarp-forming mechanism Vof the loom, being in effect a 1View taken uponthe linellfll, Fig. 412, looking inthe direction of the appended arrows;y

12 is a in 111;

Fig. 13 is an enlarged transverse sectional View, talren upon the linesl55-a, Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is an enlarged4 detail fragmentary and sectional View offeaturesof the selvageforming and warpeforming and shed-form ing andweft-forming means of the loom, taken upon the line a314-w14, Fig. 6,and looking in the direction of the appended arrows; i

Fig. 14` is a partialend View of the construction shown in Fig. 14,looking in the direction of the adjacent arrow top .planyiew of theshowing ,esi

Fig. i4b is an enlarged detail sectional View upon the same plane asthat of the sectioned portions of Fig. 14, and of features at thecentral left hand portion of the showing in Fig. 14, particularlyiilustrating the interconnection of features of the loom for `jointmovement;

15 is a top plan View of the showing in Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is an enlarged detail fragmentary sectional View, taken upon theline :U16-5016, Fig. 15, and-looking in the direction of the appendedarrows;

Fig. 17 is a detail transverse sectional View, taken upon the line:ali/w17 Fig. 16, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;

1.8 is an enlarged detail fragmentary yiew, taken upon the linom18-0118, F ig. l, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows,and showing features of the weftforming mechanism;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary side elevation taken at the upper left handside of Fig.

' 18, showing details of the weftthread feed means;

F 19 is a detail fragmentary sectional View, taken upon the linecitt-m19, Fig. 18, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;i

Fig. Q0 is a View of features of the weftforming mechanism, andparticularly of the shuttle-needle thereof, such features heing shown indetached positions;

Fig. 21 is u detail sectional and diagrammatic View showing theshuttle-needle in its operation of associatingthe weft threads, withother features of the `weft-forming mechanism which accommodate suchthreads in the application of the same to the warp threads;

Fig. 22 is a similar View showing the shuttlc-needle in a relativelymore advanced position; 1

Fig. .Q3 is a Viewsimilar to Fig. 22, illustrating a modification ofoperation of the loom in which, a plurality of weft threads areassociated with the warpl threads in a single excursion of theshuttle-needle;

Fig. 24 is an isometric fragmentary View of features of ldie wef formingmechanism, illustrating particularly the means whereby a single weftunit is accommodated during an excursion of the shuttle-needle and priorto its final association with the warp threads; y

Fig. is a View similar to Fig. 24 and corresponding with Fig. 23,showing the production of the weft hy the application of a plurality ofweft threads at a single encursion of the needle;

26 is an enlarged fragmentary fur` ther VView of features of theshedforming mechanism and contemplates the mod1fica-- tionsillustratedin Figs. 23and 25, in which iis Y ld:

a plurality 'of weft threads are applied at the same timeto thewarpthreads which latter in turn are caused to enter the shed formation ingroups eachcontaining a plur'alty of the warp thread courses;

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary face view of a portion of bias-'woven fabricproduced in yutilizing the modifications of structure and operationshown in Figs. 23, 25 and 26';

Fig. 28 is a generally longitudinal sectional view, taken upon the linem28-m23, Fig. `2, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary plan view of the same; and, f

- Fig. Y30 is a group Yof face views of a plurality of patterns orweaves of woven fabrics, capable of production in the operation of theloom being the present invention. V v

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated by the samereference characters.

yReferring with particularity to the drawings, the loom thereinVdisclosed as embodying in one form Vand organization the severalfeatures of the present invention, comprises, in the main,warp-producing means B with which are directly associatedVselvage-producing means A; weft-producing means C; take-off means l) sorelated to thezone of formation of the weft and selvagethat a biasrelation'is established as between both Vthe warp and the weft and thelongitudinal side edge of the fabric produced, or thel plane of`movement, of the fabric from such zone to the final element ofthetake-off means is diagonal with relation to the plane of such zone; anddrive means or operating means E forfthe,Y several members'andyfeatures; such drive means or operating means Abeing provided .with ortaking its powerstituting the product of the loom.v These severalleading elements and features of the invention or the lstructureembodying theV same in the form, with modifications, shown in thedrawings, will now be treated of-separately, beforedelningtheinter-relation of the same-and the general law ofV operation yof fheentire loom. FirstV will be considere Y 'The warp-producing. means Bandthe ossoi ceczzfed salvage-producing means i4.

Supported upon a suitable frame 35 held in anelevated position by'astandard 36, are spools or Vbobbins 37 which supply the thread orcord'afroml which is produced the selva'ge aa ofthe'resultant fabric;These separate threads or cords are conducted to the warp-forming andselvage-forming zone which will be generally designated as XX, being`led from the supply spools 37 upwardly and through separate guide tubes38 which conduct such cords or threads to a tube 39 secured in uprightposition in con` nection with the upper end of a tubular shaft 40suitably received in fixed position as at 4la in the frame The threadspass downwardly through this tubular shaft 40 and escape from the lowerend thereof and through a block or head 4l at the lower end thereofwhich is suitably bored to accommodate such threads, and the threadsthence are carried outwardly or radially from such shaft and passedVthrough curved tubular guides or eyes 42 and 42, respectively andadjustably mounted at the outer ends of radial arms 43, carried by theblock or head 41. Thence the threads depend into the working zone XXwhere they are associated with the warp thread, as will be hereinafterdescribed.

Surrounding the tubular shaft 40 is a rotatable sleeve 44 which issupported at its lower end upon the block or head 41 and is rotated bysuitable members or adjuncts of the operating means E, the same beingshown as comprising inteiuineshing miter gears 45 and 46 respectively,upon the upper end of said sleeve 44 and one end of a counter-shaft 47.Fixed to and proj ecting radially over the sleeve 44 in a plane slightlyabove that of the arms 43, is an arm 48 carrying at its outer end acurved tubular guide or eye 49 to and through which is led the cord orthread Z), supplied from a suitable spool or bobbin 50 mounted upon thesame arm 4S, as is mounted the tubular guide 49. This thread bultimately becomes the warp thread 6b, or the warp structure comprisingcontinuons looping of such warp vtlneads about the selvage threads aa,as

more clearly shown in Fig. 30. Referring now particularly to Figs. 1l,12 and 13, the

Vtubular guide 49, which if desired may be duplicated, together with theextension of the arm 48 radially in diametrically opposed directions, sothat one such tubular guide is provided at. each end of such arm, is, ineach instance, mounted upon an'adjustable block or carrier 5l, which maybe manipulated lengthwise of the rod 48 so as to vary the widthof theresultant fabric. This width of the fabric is, however, more definitelypredetermined by other factors which will be hereinafter discussed, theadjustability of the block or blocks 5l being for the purpose ofconforming to the adjustments of other features, and to adapt the pathof travel of the block 51 and its curved guide tube 49 to the otherconditions determined by the state and relation of other features. Thecord or thread?) is led to the respective guide

